Ford D4FA Specifications
| Engine Model: Ford D4FA |
| Engine Type: 4-cycle 4-cylinder DOHC 16-valve turbocharged liquid-cooled diesel |
| Total Displacement: 146.6 cu.in (2.4 L) |
| Rated Engine Power: 120 Hp (88 kW) at 4000 rpm |
| Fuel System Type: Direct Injection |
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The Ford D4FA is a 2.4-liter, 4-cylinder diesel engine
from the Duratorq TDCi (Puma) family. This engine was a workhorse for the Ford
Transit Mk6 (produced between 2000 and 2006) and is specifically designed for
Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD) applications. It is a robust, turbocharged unit known for
its durability and high torque output at low engine speeds, making it ideal for
commercial vehicle duties. The engine features a cast iron block for maximum
rigidity and an aluminum cylinder head, utilizing a DOHC valvetrain driven by a
timing chain.
Engine Type: Inline 4-cylinder, turbocharged diesel.
Family: Duratorq (Puma).
Displacement: 2402 cc (146.6 cu.in).
Valvetrain: DOHC (Double Overhead Camshaft), 16 valves total (4 per cylinder).
Bore x Stroke: 89.9 mm x 94.6 mm (3.54 in x 3.72 in).
Compression Ratio: 19.0:1.
Fuel System: Direct Injection. Early variants utilize a VP37 or VP44 rotary
injection pump. Later variants employ a Common Rail direct injection system.
Maximum Power: 88 kW (120 hp) at 4000 rpm.
Maximum Torque: 285 Nm (210 lb-ft) at 2300 rpm.
Aspiration: Turbocharged with intercooler.
Emission Standard: Euro 3.
Engine Weight (dry): 220 kg (485 lb).
The cylinder block is constructed from cast iron. This
material provides exceptional rigidity and durability, effectively dampening
vibrations and minimizing bore distortion under heavy loads. The block features
a closed-deck design for enhanced strength around the cylinder bores.
It houses the crankshaft and oil pump assembly.
The cylinder bores are precision-machined to a diameter of 89.9 mm (3.54
in). The block is designed for longitudinal mounting to suit Rear-Wheel
Drive (RWD) vehicle architecture.
The cylinder head is manufactured from aluminum alloy
to reduce overall engine weight. It features a Double Overhead Camshaft (DOHC)
arrangement, with the camshafts acting directly on 16 valves (8 intake, 8
exhaust) via hydraulic lash adjusters, eliminating the need for manual valve
clearance adjustments.
The valves are arranged in a cross-flow pattern
to optimize breathing efficiency. The intake and exhaust ports are
designed to promote swirl in the combustion chamber, improving fuel-air
mixing and combustion efficiency.
The fuel system utilizes direct injection technology.
In the VP37/VP44 rotary pump versions, a single high-pressure pump meters and
delivers fuel to the injectors at high pressure. In the Common Rail (CR)
variants, a high-pressure pump feeds a common rail accumulator, from which
electronically controlled injectors deliver fuel at pressures exceeding 1600
bar. The system is designed for precise fuel metering, resulting in reduced
noise and lower emissions.
The lubrication system is a forced-feed, wet-sump type.
An oil pump, driven by the crankshaft, circulates engine oil throughout the
system. Oil is drawn from the sump, passed through a full-flow filter, and then
distributed to critical components such as the crankshaft bearings, connecting
rods, camshafts, and turbocharger. The system includes an oil cooler to maintain
optimal oil temperature under high load conditions.
The cooling system is a pressurized, water-cooled
system. A belt-driven water pump circulates coolant through the cylinder block,
cylinder head, and the turbocharger core.
The system includes a radiator, a cooling fan,
and a thermostat that maintains the operating temperature within the
specified range. The coolant capacity for the engine and radiator
circuit is 10.5 to 11.0 liters (2.8 to 2.9 gal). Coolant flow is
designed to provide uniform temperature distribution across the cylinder
head and block.
Timing Drive: The camshafts are driven by a timing
chain. This chain also drives the fuel injection pump. The chain is designed for
long-term durability and does not require regular replacement under normal
operating conditions.
Aspiration: A turbocharger, combined with a charge air cooler (intercooler),
increases engine efficiency and power output. The intercooler reduces the
temperature of the compressed intake air, increasing its density and improving
combustion.
Electrical System: The engine is equipped with a 12-volt starting and charging
system, featuring an alternator rated for high output to support commercial
vehicle electrical loads.
Engine Oil Capacity (with filter): 7.0 liters (7.4 qt).
Oil Grade: SAE 5W-30 complying with Ford specification WSS-M2C913-B.
Coolant Capacity: 10.5 to 11.0 liters (11.1 to 11.6 qt).
Valve Clearance: Maintained automatically by hydraulic lash adjusters.
Cylinder Head Bolts (Stage 1): 40 Nm (30 lb-ft).
Cylinder Head Bolts (Stage 2): Angle-tighten 90 deg.
Cylinder Head Bolts (Stage 3): Angle-tighten 90 deg.
Main Bearing Cap Bolts (Stage 1): 30 Nm (22 lb-ft).
Main Bearing Cap Bolts (Stage 2): Angle-tighten 60 deg.
Connecting Rod Cap Nuts (Stage 1): 20 Nm (15 lb-ft).
Connecting Rod Cap Nuts (Stage 2): Angle-tighten 90 deg.
Crankshaft Pulley Bolt: 450 Nm (332 lb-ft).
Ford Transit Mk6 (VI) - 2.4 Di 16V (2000-2006)
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