International D268 Specifications
| Engine Model: International Harvester D268 |
| Engine Type: 4-cycle inline 4-cylinder naturally aspirated liquid-cooled diesel |
| Total Displacement: 268 cu.in (4.4 L) |
| Rated Engine Power: 80-82 Hp (60-61 kW) at 2300 rpm |
| Fuel System Type: Direct fuel injection |
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The International Harvester D268 is a
substantial four-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine built for demanding
agricultural and light industrial service. As a member of the IH "300
series" family, it delivers a balance of power, torque, and longevity.
Its design incorporates heavy-duty components suitable for sustained
operation under high load.
The engine is characterized by its use of replaceable wet cylinder
liners, a robust crankshaft, and a high-pressure rotary fuel injection
system. Known for dependable performance in mid-sized tractors, the D268
provides strong lugging power essential for drawbar work and
power-take-off applications.
Engine Type: In-line, four-cylinder, four-stroke, liquid-cooled diesel.
Combustion System: Direct injection.
Aspiration: Naturally aspirated.
Firing Order: 1-3-4-2.
Rotation (viewed from flywheel): Counter-clockwise.
Displacement: 268 cubic inches (4.39 liters).
Bore: 3.9375 inches (100.0 mm).
Stroke: 5.5 inches (139.7 mm).
Compression Ratio: 16.0 to 1.
Rated Power Output: 80 to 82 gross Hp (60-61 kW) at 2300 to 2400 rpm,
varying by specific application and governing.
Maximum Torque: 210 to 218 lb-ft (285 to 296 Nm) at 1600 to 1800 rpm.
Governed Speed Range: 2300 to 2400 rpm.
Weight (dry, approximate): 900 lbs (408 kg).
The cylinder block is a high-strength gray iron casting of deep-skirt
design. A defining feature is its use of replaceable wet-type cylinder
liners. The liners are precision-machined and sealed at the top by a
copper gasket and at the bottom by synthetic rubber O-rings.
This construction allows for overhaul and re-lining without major block
machining. The crankshaft is supported by five main bearings with
generous bearing surface area. Main bearing caps are made from nodular
iron and secured with two vertical bolts per cap. The block casting
incorporates internal galleries for oil and coolant flow.
The cylinder head is a single-piece cast iron component with individual
intake and exhaust porting for each cylinder. It is secured by ten or
twelve high-tensile steel bolts. The head employs a crossflow layout
with vertically positioned valves actuated by pushrods and rocker arms.
Valve Arrangement: Overhead valves (OHV).
Valves per Cylinder: Two (one intake, one exhaust).
Intake Valve Head Diameter: 1.75 inches (44.5 mm).
Exhaust Valve Head Diameter: 1.50 inches (38.1 mm).
Valve Seat Angle: 45 deg.
Valve Stem Diameter: 0.3437 inches (8.73 mm).
Valve Lash (cold): Intake 0.015 inches (0.38 mm), Exhaust 0.017 inches
(0.43 mm).
Adjustment must be performed with the engine cold.
The fuel system is a direct injection design utilizing a high-pressure
rotary distributor pump.
Injection Pump: An International Harvester/Bosch rotary distributor-type
pump, mechanically governed.
This is a VE-type pump on later models.
Injection Nozzles: Multi-hole pintle nozzles, designed for efficient
atomization.
Injection Pressure: 2000 to 2200 psi (138 to 152 bar).
Fuel Lift Pump: A camshaft-driven, diaphragm-type mechanical transfer
pump.
Fuel Filter: A dual-stage filtration system with a primary
sedimentor/water separator and a secondary spin-on paper element filter.
Static Injection Timing: Requires precise setting.
Common static timing is 18 deg before top dead center.
Dynamic timing procedures using a dial indicator are specified for
accurate setup.
The lubrication system is a full-pressure, full-flow design with a
gear-type pump.
Oil Pump: Gear-type, mounted on the front of the cylinder block and
driven by the crankshaft gear.
Oil Capacity: 11 quarts (10.4 liters) including filter.
Oil Filter: Full-flow, spin-on type cartridge.
Oil Pressure (operating): 40 to 60 psi at rated speed (2.8 to 4.1 bar).
Minimum acceptable pressure at hot idle is 10 psi (0.7 bar).
Pressure Relief Valve: Integral to the oil pump housing.
Oil Cooler: An engine oil cooler is standard equipment, mounted adjacent
to the block and cooled by engine coolant.
The cooling system is a pressurized, forced-circulation system with
thermostatic control.
Water Pump: Centrifugal type, belt-driven from the crankshaft pulley.
Features a cast iron impeller and body.
Thermostat: Wax-pellet type, begins to open at 180 F (82 C).
Radiator Pressure Cap: 7 psi pressure cap (0.48 bar).
Some industrial applications may use a 13 psi (0.9 bar) cap.
Coolant Capacity: 20 quarts (18.9 liters).
Coolant Recommendation: A 50/50 mixture of ethylene glycol antifreeze
and demineralized water.
Supplemental coolant additives are recommended for heavy-duty service.
Electrical System: 12-volt negative ground.
Starting Motor: 12-volt, high-torque gear reduction type, solenoid
actuated.
Charging Alternator: 12-volt, 65 to 90 ampere output, belt-driven with
internal regulator.
Battery Recommendation: Group 31 or equivalent, minimum 800 cold
cranking amps.
Dual batteries are used in some industrial applications.
Air Intake System: Dry-type, replaceable paper element air cleaner with
a safety inner element.
A cyclonic pre-cleaner is common.
Intake Manifold: Cast iron.
Exhaust Manifold: Cast iron, may be dry or water-cooled depending on
application.
Length (front of damper to rear of flywheel housing): 35 inches (889
mm).
Width (over valve cover): 26 inches (660 mm).
Height (top of valve cover to base of oil pan): 31 inches (787 mm).
Weight (dry, as described): 900 lbs (408 kg).
Engine Oil Grade: Use a high-quality diesel engine oil meeting API
service classification CD or superior. SAE 15W-40 is the recommended
viscosity for multi-temperature operation. Oil Change Interval: Under
normal agricultural service, change engine oil and filter every 150
operating hours. For severe service (continuous high load, extreme
dust), reduce interval to 100 hours. Oil Filter Change: Replace the
spin-on filter with every oil change.
Fuel Filter Change: Service the primary sediment bowl daily. Replace the
primary and secondary fuel filter elements every 500 operating hours.
Coolant Change: Drain, flush, and refill the cooling system every 2000
operating hours or 24 months. Maintain proper additive levels. Air
Filter Service: Inspect the primary air filter element every 100 hours.
Replace the element when a restriction indicator shows red or every 1000
hours.
Clean the pre-cleaner daily in dusty conditions. Valve Lash Adjustment:
Check and adjust valve clearance every 1000 operating hours or annually.
Injection Timing Check: Verify static injection timing every 2000
operating hours or following any disassembly of the fuel pump drive
system.
Cylinder Head Bolts: Torque in the specified three-step sequence to a
final value of 120 to 125 lb-ft (163 to 169 Nm). Main Bearing Cap Bolts:
95 to 105 lb-ft (129 to 142 Nm).
Connecting Rod Cap Nuts: 55 to 60 lb-ft (75 to 81 Nm). Always install
new cotter pins.
Flywheel to Crankshaft Bolts: 90 to 100 lb-ft (122 to 136 Nm).
Injector Nozzle Holder (in head): 60 to 65 lb-ft (81 to 88 Nm).
Cylinder Liner Flange: The liner is seated by the cylinder head; ensure
proper protrusion measurement (0.002 to 0.005 inches) before assembly.
Oil Pan Drain Plug: 30 to 35 lb-ft (41 to 47 Nm).
The International Harvester D268 engine was a core powerplant for
mid-range agricultural and industrial equipment. Its primary
applications include International Harvester and later Case IH tractors
such as the 885, 895, 885XL, 844XL, 854XL, and 856XL. In the industrial
sector, it powered machines like the International 510 Payloader and
other medium-duty front-end loaders.
This engine also saw use in stationary applications such as irrigation
pumps and generator sets. Specific model and configuration details must
always be confirmed via the engine serial number and original equipment
manufacturer documentation due to variations across production years and
markets.
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