John Deere 6059 Specifications
| Engine Model: John Deere 6059 |
| Engine Type: 4-cycle inline 6-cylinder naturally aspirated liquid-cooled diesel |
| Total Displacement: 359 cu.in (5.9 L) |
| Rated Engine Power: 120 Hp (90 kW) at 2200 rpm |
| Fuel System Type: Direct fuel injection |
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The John Deere 6059 is a 5.9-liter,
six-cylinder, naturally aspirated diesel engine developed for heavy-duty
agricultural and industrial applications. This four-stroke, direct
injection power plant is engineered to deliver reliable, sustained power
output with an emphasis on mechanical simplicity and durability. The
engine's design philosophy centers on serviceability and longevity in
demanding operating environments, characterized by extended running
hours and variable loads.
It features a conventional pump-line-nozzle fuel system, replaceable wet
cylinder liners, and a gear-driven camshaft. The 6059 engine, often
designated as the 6059D in many applications, provides a foundation of
torque and power for a diverse range of John Deere machinery, from
row-crop tractors and cotton harvesters to industrial loaders and
graders. Its architecture represents a mature, mechanically controlled
diesel technology known for operator-friendly maintenance.
Engine Type: 6-cylinder, inline, 4-stroke cycle, vertical, liquid-cooled
diesel.
Combustion System: Direct injection.
Aspiration: Naturally aspirated.
Rotation: Counterclockwise when viewed from the flywheel end.
Firing Order: 1-5-3-6-2-4.
Bore: 106.5 mm (4.19 inches).
Stroke: 110.0 mm (4.33 inches).
Displacement: 5.9 liters (359 cubic inches).
Compression Ratio: 16.5:1.
Governor Type: Mechanical, all-speed or minimum-maximum, dependent on
application.
Rated Power Output: 90 kW (120 Hp) at 2200 crankshaft rpm. Specific
applications may have variations. Maximum Torque Output: Approximately
470 Nm (347 lb-ft).
High Idle Speed: Governed setting, commonly 2310 rpm.
Low Idle Speed: 750 to 800 crankshaft rpm.
Fuel Shutoff: Mechanical, via cable or lever-operated injection pump
rack.
Dry Weight (Approximate, base engine): 635 kg (1400 lbs).
The cylinder block is a single-piece, high-strength gray iron casting of
deep-skirt design. This deep-skirt construction extends well below the
crankshaft centerline, creating a rigid structure that resists bending
and torsional forces, thereby minimizing vibration and ensuring precise
alignment of main bearing bores. The block incorporates replaceable,
press-fit wet-type cylinder sleeves.
These sleeves are manufactured from centrifugally cast alloy iron,
providing a durable, wear-resistant bore surface with direct heat
transfer to the surrounding coolant jacket. The crankshaft is supported
by seven main bearings with steel-backed, aluminum alloy bearing
inserts. Main bearing caps are forged steel and are secured with two
vertical bolts each. The block houses the camshaft in a bore above the
crankshaft and includes internal passages for lubricating oil and
coolant circulation.
The cylinder head is a single-piece, cast iron component. It is a
modular head design, often shared across engines in the same family, and
is secured to the block with high-tensile steel cap screws. The head
employs a crossflow port arrangement, with individual intake and exhaust
ports for each cylinder. It accommodates two valves per cylinder: one
intake and one exhaust.
Valve seats are induction-hardened inserts. Intake valves are
chrome-plated steel; exhaust valves feature Stellite-faced heads for
thermal durability. Valve guides are replaceable. Valve actuation uses
individual, shaft-mounted rocker arms. Valve lash is adjusted manually
via screw-type adjusters on the rocker arms. The camshaft, located in
the cylinder block, operates the valves through solid lifters and
pushrods. A composite or multilayer steel head gasket provides the seal.
The fuel system is a direct injection, pump-line-nozzle configuration. A
camshaft-driven, plunger-type transfer pump draws fuel from the tank,
passing it through a primary filter with a sediment bowl and a secondary
spin-on canister filter. The injection pump is an in-line, plunger-type
unit (John Deere model) with an integral mechanical governor.
This governor, responsive to centrifugal force, automatically adjusts
the fuel pump rack to maintain the operator-selected engine speed under
changing loads. Separate high-pressure steel lines connect each pump
outlet to its corresponding injector. The injectors are multi-hole,
pencil-type units that atomize fuel directly into the combustion
chamber. A manual lever or cable connected to the injection pump rack
provides a positive mechanical fuel shutoff.
The lubrication system is a full-pressure, gear-driven design. A
gear-type oil pump, driven from the crankshaft gear train, draws oil
from the oil pan through a pickup tube and screen. Pressurized oil is
directed through a full-flow, replaceable spin-on oil filter. After
filtration, oil is distributed via main galleries to the crankshaft main
bearings, connecting rod bearings, camshaft bearings, and the valve
rocker shaft.
Connecting rods are drilled to provide oil to the piston pins. A piston
cooling jet sprays oil onto the underside of each piston crown for
additional cooling. A pressure relief valve within the pump housing
maintains specified system pressure. The total oil system capacity is
15.1 liters (16.0 U.S. quarts) with filter change. Engine oil meeting
performance classification CF-4 or higher is specified.
The cooling system is a pressurized, liquid-cooled, pump-circulated
design. A centrifugal water pump, gear-driven from the front of the
engine, circulates coolant. Coolant flow is directed first through the
cylinder block, around the wet sleeves, then upward into the cylinder
head, and finally to the radiator. A wax-pellet-type thermostat
regulates operating temperature by modulating coolant flow to the
radiator.
System pressure is maintained by a radiator pressure cap, generally
rated for 55 to 83 kPa (8 to 12 psi). Airflow across the radiator core
is provided by a belt-driven fan, often with a viscous fan clutch for
efficiency. The total coolant capacity is 24.0 liters (25.4 U.S.
quarts). A 50/50 mixture of ethylene-glycol antifreeze and water is
required for year-round operation.
Electrical System: The engine employs a 12-volt electric starting system
with a gear-reduction starter motor. A 12-volt alternator, belt-driven
from the crankshaft pulley, provides charging current. Intake manifold
glow plugs, controlled by a key-switch timer, assist in cold-weather
starting.
Air Intake System: A dry-type, replaceable paper element air cleaner is
standard. The intake manifold is a cast iron component. Exhaust System:
The exhaust manifold is a one-piece or two-piece cast iron design.
Flywheel and Housing: The engine uses a SAE standard flywheel housing.
The flywheel is a machined cast iron component with a ring gear.
Configuration is application-dependent.
Compression Release: A manual compression release mechanism, integrated
into the valve train, is standard to reduce cranking effort during
starting.
Overall Length (Front of vibration damper to rear face of flywheel
housing): 1168 mm (46 in).
Overall Width (Maximum at exhaust manifold side): 737 mm (29 in).
Overall Height (Top of valve cover to bottom of oil pan rail): 1067 mm
(42 in).
Dry Weight (Base engine, less coolant and oil, standard accessories):
635 kg (1400 lbs).
Engine Oil Change Interval: 250 service hours or 6 months. Severe
service conditions (continuous heavy load, excessive dust) necessitate
125-hour intervals. Oil Filter Change: Replace with every oil change.
Fuel Filter Service: Drain primary sediment bowl daily; replace
secondary filter element every 500 service hours. Air Filter Element
Service: Clean element every 100 service hours using dry methods;
replace based on restriction gauge or visual inspection. Coolant Change
Interval: 2000 service hours or 2 years.
Valve Lash Adjustment (Cold Engine Setting): Intake valve: 0.36 mm
(0.014 inches); Exhaust valve: 0.46 mm (0.018 inches). Inspect and
adjust every 1000 service hours. Fuel Injection Pump Timing: Verify and
set per factory specification during major service or pump replacement.
Injection Nozzle Service: Test spray pattern and opening pressure every
2000 service hours. Fan Drive Belt Tension: Adjust to provide 13 mm (0.5
inches) of mid-span deflection under moderate thumb pressure.
Cylinder Head Bolts: Torque in specified sequence to 95 Nm (70 lb-ft),
then final tighten an additional 90-degree turn. Main Bearing Cap Bolts:
160 Nm (118 lb-ft).
Connecting Rod Cap Nuts: 85 Nm (63 lb-ft), then final tighten an
additional 60-degree turn.
Flywheel to Crankshaft Bolts: 115 Nm (85 lb-ft).
Rocker Arm Shaft Bracket Bolts: 55 Nm (41 lb-ft).
Injector Clamp Bolt: 35 Nm (26 lb-ft).
Oil Pan Bolts: 24 Nm (18 lb-ft).
Water Pump Mounting Bolts: 40 Nm (30 lb-ft).
The John Deere 6059 engine is a power source for a wide array of
heavy-duty John Deere equipment. In agricultural tractors, it is found
in models including the 2955, 3155, 3155TSS (Hi-Crop), 3255, 3640, and
3650. Within the construction and industrial sector, it powers machines
such as the 444D Wheel Loader and the 570B Motor Grader.
A significant application is in large agricultural harvesting equipment,
specifically the John Deere 9900, 9910, and 9920 Cotton Pickers. The
engine's substantial torque output and mechanical reliability make it
suited for these high-demand applications, where sustained power under
heavy load, combined with straightforward field serviceability, are
primary requirements. Its use spans row-crop farming, earthmoving, and
specialized harvesting operations.
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