Cat 3412C Troubleshooting
| Engine Model: Caterpillar 3412C |
| Engine Type: 4-stroke 12-cylinder V-block turbocharged liquid-cooled diesel |
| Total Displacement: 1,649 cu.in (27.0 L) |
| Rated Engine Power: 540-1,350 Hp (403-1,007 kW) at 2300 rpm |
| Fuel System Type: Mechanical direct injection |
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| Engine starts up hard or won't start |
Fuel filter plugged - Replace filter element.
Air in the fuel lines - Bleed the fuel lines.
Faulty or dirty injection nozzles - Replace injection nozzles.
Fuel injection pump is defective - Rebuild or replace pump.
Valve timing is improper - Correct or change timing gear.
Dirty fuel pipes - Service fuel pipes.
Unadjusted injection timing - Adjust injection timing as required.
Damaged piston rings and cylinder - Replace defective parts.
| Diesel starts and suddenly stops |
Clogged fuel filter - Service the filter.
Fuel injection pump damage - Repair or install new pump.
Air filter is clogged - Clean air cleaner element.
Incorrect nozzle opening pressure - Adjust as recommended.
| Engine shuts off suddenly while running |
Timing of fuel injection pump is incorrect - Set it up as required.
Clogged fuel filter - Replace filter element.
Coolant temperature is low - Normalize the temperature by warming up the engine.
Stuck or burnt injection nozzle - Clean or replace injection nozzles.
Too low idle RPM - Correct low idle settings.
Incorrect valve clearance - Have it adjusted.
Fuel injection pump is not working correctly - Replace injection pump or repair it.
Fuel injection nozzles are clogged or faulty - Install a new kit of correctly balanced nozzles.
Clogged fuel lines or hoses - Clean fuel hoses and lines.
Air filter is clogged - Clean air cleaner element.
Cylinder head gasket is blown - Change cylinder head gasket.
Improper injection timing - Set the injection timing correctly.
Fuel injection pump is defective - Rebuild or replace pump.
Any of moving engine parts is worn - Change or repair damaged parts.
Clogged radiator fins or leaking radiator cap - Change cap or clean radiator.
Insufficient coolant - Refill to the correct level and inspect system for leaks.
Excessive wear of the fan belt - Install new fan belt.
Insufficient engine oil - Check oil level and add oil as required.
Cylinder-head gasket is broken - Replace cylinder head gasket.
Incorrect injection timing - Adjust as recommended.
| Oil pressure is insufficient |
Not enough oil in the engine - Check oil level and add oil as required.
Oil pump is damaged - Remove and inspect oil pump.
Oil filter element clogged - Change or service engine oil filter.
Relief valve is seized or worn - Change or service relief valve.
Clearance of crankshaft bearing is excessive - Test and replace or repair worn components.
Excessive crankpin bearing clearance - Check and replace or repair defective parts.
| Excessive engine oil consumption |
Oil leaking: Worn gaskets or seals - Replace worn parts to avoid leaks.
Oil viscosity is incorrect - Use correct viscosity oil.
Seized or wear piston rings - Change piston rings.
Valve stems and guides are worn - Valves replacement required.
Pistons or cylinder liners are damaged - Inspect pistons and liners, replace as required.
Engine is not preheated - Warm up the engine.
Lack of engine oil - Need to add engine oil.
Improper fuel injection timing - Adjust as recommended.
Broken or worn pistons - Pistons replacement required.
Faulty or misaligned connecting rod - Need to replace or align the connecting rod.
Battery voltage is low - Charge the battery.
Battery is not holding charge - Service battery or replace it.
Disconnected cables or faulty battery terminals - Connect wiring correctly or install new terminals.
Battery is low or faulty - Change or recharge battery.
Battery cables are disconnected or improperly connected - Inspect cables and connect properly.
Low battery power - Battery is drained, charge it.
Damaged starter motor - Repair or install a new starter.
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