International D312 Troubleshooting
| Engine Model: International Harvester D312 |
| Engine Type: 4-cycle inline 6-cylinder naturally aspirated liquid-cooled diesel |
| Total Displacement: 312 cu.in (5.1 L) |
| Rated Engine Power: 75 Hp (56 kW) at 2000 rpm |
| Fuel System Type: Direct fuel injection |
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| Engine starts up hard or will not start |
Fuel filter plugged - Clean the filter element.
Air in the fuel system - Air bleeding.
Fuel injection nozzles are damaged - Inspect nozzles and replace if necessary.
Faulty fuel injection pump - Replace or repair injection pump.
Incorrect valve timing - Set the valve timing correctly.
Fuel pipes clogging - Clean fuel pipes.
Wrong injection timing - Use correct injection timing adjustment.
Worn piston rings and cylinder - Replace faulty components.
| Engine starts and stalls suddenly |
Fuel filter element is dirty - Replace the filter element.
Fuel injection pump is damaged - Repair or change injection pump.
Clogged air filter element - Clean or change the filter.
Nozzle opening pressure is not adjusted - Adjust according to specifications.
| Engine shuts off suddenly during operation |
Wrong setting of fuel injection pump timing - Adjust according to specifications.
Clogged fuel filter - Change filter element.
Coolant temperature is low - Warm up the engine.
Injection nozzles are jammed or clogged - Service or change injection nozzles.
Low idle speed setting is not correct - Adjust low idling as recommended.
Valve clearance is out of adjustment - Adjust valve clearance according to specifications.
Fuel injection pump is defective - Rebuild or change fuel pump.
Clogged injection nozzle - Install a new kit of correctly balanced nozzles.
Restricted fuel lines or hoses - Fuel lines and hoses need to be cleaned.
Air filter is clogged - Clean or replace the element.
Worn cylinder head gasket - Replace cylinder head gasket.
Injection timing is incorrect - Set up as recommended.
Fuel injection pump is faulty - Replace or rebuild injection pump.
One of moving engine components is worn - Repair or replace defective parts.
Faulty radiator cap or dirty radiator fins - Clean radiator or replace cap.
Low engine coolant - Add coolant and check the components of cooling system.
Damaged or worn fan belt - If necessary, replace the belt.
Engine oil insufficient - Fill up the engine oil.
Defective cylinder head gasket - Install new cylinder head gasket.
Improper injection timing - Adjust injection timing as required.
| Oil pressure is insufficient |
Not enough oil in the engine - Need to add oil.
Defective oil pump - Remove and inspect oil pump.
Clogged oil filter - Replace or clean engine oil filter element.
Worn or dirty relief valve - Change or clean relief valve.
Excessive oil clearance of crankshaft bearing - Inspect and replace or repair faulty components.
Excessive crankpin bearing clearance - Test and repair or replace worn parts.
| Excessive oil consumption |
Oil leakage: Worn gaskets or seals - New components need to be installed.
Wrong oil viscosity - Fill up with the correct oil viscosity.
Piston rings are seized or worn - Have piston rings replaced.
Valve stems or guides are damaged - Install new valves.
Damaged cylinder liners or pistons - Inspect pistons and liners, replace as required.
| Abnormal engine noise or knocking |
Engine is cold - Warm up the engine.
Lack of engine oil - Fill the crankcase with engine oil.
Fuel injection pump timing is not adjusted - Adjust according to specifications.
Pistons are worn or scored - Install new pistons.
Connecting rod is defective or misaligned - Align or replace connecting rod.
Low battery capacity - Recharge the battery.
Battery runs out quickly - Service charging system or install new battery.
Battery cables are disconnected or terminals are faulty - Check wiring and clean or replace terminals.
Battery is drained or worn - Change or recharge battery.
Disconnected or improperly connected wiring harness - Inspect battery wiring harness and connect as required.
Low battery voltage - Charge the battery.
Starter motor failing - Change or repair starter.
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