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Cummins ISM-410 Specifications
| Engine Model: Cummins ISM-410 |
| Engine Type: 4-cycle inline 6-cylinder HPCR or Celect fuel injection liquid-cooled diesel |
| Total Displacement: 661 cu.in (10.8 L) |
| Rated Engine Power: 410 Hp (306 kW) at 2000 rpm |
| Aspiration Type: Turbocharged |
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| General Technical Data |
The Cummins ISM-410 is a high-power, electronically controlled, turbocharged and aftercooled inline six-cylinder diesel engine engineered for heavy-duty on-highway trucks, regional haulers, vocational vehicles, buses, and industrial applications requiring strong, sustained torque and excellent fuel efficiency. As part of the Cummins ISM/ISM11 engine platform, the ISM-410 combines advanced combustion technology, high-pressure fuel injection, cooled EGR (depending on emissions tier), durable cast-iron construction, and a robust electronically managed turbocharging system.
With a rating of 410 horsepower, it offers an
ideal balance of performance, durability, low operating cost, and
emissions compliance. Known for long service life, reliable
acceleration, smooth operation, and reduced noise levels, the ISM-410
remains a widely adopted engine in commercial fleets.
The Cummins ISM-410 is a four-stroke, inline six-cylinder diesel engine
with a displacement of approximately 10.8 liters (659 cubic inches).
Bore measures approximately 125 mm (4.92 inches), while stroke measures
147 mm (5.79 inches), forming a long-stroke configuration optimized for
high torque output across a wide rpm range. Compression ratio varies
slightly depending on emissions calibration but generally falls between
16.5:1 and 17.0:1.
The rated power output is approximately 410
horsepower (306 kW) at around 1800–2100 rpm. Peak torque ranges from
1650 to 1850 Nm (1217–1365 lb-ft), typically achieved at 1100–1400 rpm.
Idle speed is generally set between 650 and 700 rpm. The firing order is
1–5–3–6–2–4. Sophisticated turbocharging and charge-air cooling systems
improve durability, throttle response, and emissions performance. The
ECM integrates control over fuel delivery, boost pressure, exhaust gas
recirculation, and derate functions.
The ISM-410 cylinder block is constructed from high-strength cast iron
designed to handle elevated cylinder pressures. Reinforced ribs enhance
rigidity, reducing block flex and improving vibration control. The
forged-steel crankshaft is supported by seven large main bearings
engineered for stability under prolonged heavy-duty operation. Wet or
replaceable cylinder liners (depending on variant) ensure consistent
cooling and simplified overhaul.
Machined internal oil galleries provide even
lubrication distribution, while cast-in coolant jackets deliver reliable
thermal control. Piston cooling nozzles target the underside of each
piston crown, lowering temperatures under high load. Threaded mounting
points accommodate a wide range of accessories including alternators,
PTO units, air compressors, hydraulic pumps, and industrial power
modules.
The cast-iron cylinder head incorporates direct-injection combustion
chambers designed for efficient high-pressure fuel delivery. Each
cylinder contains four valves–two intake and two exhaust–promoting
strong airflow and enhanced combustion efficiency. Valvetrain actuation
uses rocker arms and pushrods driven by a camshaft located in the block.
Hardened valve seats and high-temperature-resistant guides withstand high thermal stress, especially in EGR-equipped variants. Hydraulic lash adjusters may be included depending on model year, reducing maintenance needs. Coolant passages integrated into the head maintain stable operating temperatures and minimize thermal gradients. The multi-layer steel head gasket is engineered to withstand high peak firing pressures and maintain long-term sealing integrity.
| Fuel System |
The ISM-410 uses a high-pressure electronically controlled fuel injection system. Depending on production year, it may feature the Cummins Celect, Celect Plus, or high-pressure common-rail (HPCR) system. A lift pump draws fuel through primary water-separating and secondary high-efficiency filters before delivering it to the high-pressure pump. Injection pressures may exceed 1400–1600 bar (20,300–23,200 psi).
Electronically actuated injectors perform multiple injection events–pilot, main, and post–to improve combustion efficiency, reduce emissions, and minimize noise. The ECM continuously monitors crankshaft and camshaft position, rail pressure, boost pressure, intake and coolant temperature, EGR flow, exhaust temperatures, and fuel temperature. The fuel return circuit regulates injector temperature and pressure balance.
| Lubrication System |
The lubrication system is a full-pressure wet-sump configuration with a gear-driven oil pump. Oil is drawn through a metal-mesh pickup, passed through a full-flow filter, and distributed through the main gallery to crankshaft bearings, connecting rod journals, camshaft bearings, rocker arms, and turbocharger bearings. Piston cooling jets reduce combustion temperatures during heavy-duty cycles.
Normal operating oil pressure ranges from 300 to 500 kPa (44–72 psi). Idle pressure typically falls between 100 and 150 kPa (15–22 psi). Oil capacity varies with sump configuration but generally ranges between 27 and 33 liters (28.5–34.8 US quarts). Engines fitted with DPF and SCR aftertreatment systems require low-ash lubricants.
| Cooling System |
A closed-loop liquid cooling system maintains temperature stability. The belt-driven centrifugal water pump circulates coolant through block and head passages. The thermostat begins opening around 82°C (180°F) and becomes fully open around 95°C (203°F). Cooling system pressure normally ranges between 90 and 110 kPa (13–16 psi).
Coolant capacity typically ranges from 35 to 55 liters (37–58 US quarts). The charge-air cooler (air-to-air or air-to-water) reduces intake temperature, improving torque characteristics and reducing exhaust emissions. Proper coolant chemistry prevents corrosion, scale buildup, and cavitation. The ECM monitors coolant temperature and initiates derates or shutdown sequences in over-temperature conditions.
| Other Systems |
Turbocharging enhances torque and responsiveness. Depending on variant, the ISM-410 may be equipped with a wastegated or variable-geometry turbocharger (VGT). VGT units provide enhanced control over boost pressure, altitude compensation, EGR flow (if equipped), and engine braking capability. The intake system uses a heavy-duty dry-element air filter, with optional dual-stage filtration for dusty conditions.
Euro 4/5 versions incorporate EGR, DOC, DPF, SCR, and ammonia slip catalysts. Electrical systems operate at 12 or 24 volts with alternators rated between 80 and 150 amperes. The ECM manages diagnostics, protective derating, overspeed shutdown, coolant-loss detection, and turbo overspeed protection. PTO, hydraulic pump mounts, and auxiliary drives expand vocational capability.
| Dimensions and Weight |
Standard physical dimensions:
Length: 1350–1550 mm (53.1–61.0 in)
Width: 800–950 mm (31.5–37.4 in)
Height: 1150–1450 mm (45.3–57.1 in)
Dry weight generally ranges from 900 to 1150 kg (1984–2535 lbs),
depending on accessory configuration, turbocharger type, and emissions
system layout.
| Maintenance Data |
Oil and filter replacement intervals typically occur every 500 hours or according to manufacturer mileage guidelines. Fuel filters should be replaced every 400–500 hours. Air filter replacement depends heavily on duty cycle but typically occurs every 200–400 hours. Coolant should be replaced every two years or according to coolant chemistry.
Valve lash inspection may be required on engines without hydraulic adjusters. Aftertreatment systems require periodic regeneration, cleaning, or replacement. ECM diagnostics support predictive maintenance, fault investigation, and calibration checking.
| Tightening Torques |
Cylinder head bolts: 220–260 Nm (162–192 lb-ft)
Main bearing cap bolts: 180–220 Nm (133–162 lb-ft)
Connecting rod bolts: 90–120 Nm (66–89 lb-ft)
Flywheel bolts: 300–350 Nm (221–258 lb-ft)
Crankshaft pulley bolt: 280–320 Nm (207–236 lb-ft)
Injector hold-down: 25–30 Nm (18–22 lb-ft)
Intake heater/glow plug (if equipped): 10–15 Nm (7–11 lb-ft)
Oil drain plug: 40–50 Nm (30–37 lb-ft).
| Vehicle Applications |
The Cummins ISM-410 is commonly used in long-haul tractors, regional haul trucks, vocational dump trucks, concrete mixers, heavy-duty buses, fire engines, mobile cranes, agricultural equipment, large construction machinery, industrial pumps, and generator sets. Its torque output, reliability, emissions compliance, and serviceability make it well-suited for demanding environments.
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